Lao Pie-fang, known as a Hun-hutze (red beard), he was a bandit chieftain in western Liaoning. He led several thousand followers to attack Japanese garrisons the southern portion of the South Manchurian Railroad mainline in early 1932, during the pacification of Manchukuo.

The Japanese garrison of Newchwangchen was encircled and attacked while other troops under his orders attacked in the Haicheng area. Japanese reinforcements quickly dispatched from Mukden forced Lao’s retirement, but Lao Pie-fang emerged as an Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army general and was acclaimed as commander by the local bands of the brotherhoods and citizen militias.

See also

• Japanese invasion of Manchuria

Ideal Body Weight Large

Location of the Ekityki River course.

The Ekityki River (or Ekittyki River) is a stream located in Chukotka, in Far East Siberia. It flows from Central Chukotka, across the Ekityki Lake into the right side of the Chantalveergyn River, a left-hand tributary of the Amguyema River.

The Ekityki River flows through the sparsely populated areas of the Eastern Siberian tundra. Salmon, whitefish, vendace, grayling, pike, rainbow herring (northwestern smelt), burbot, bull trout and loach are common in its waters.

This river belongs to the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug administrative region of Russia.

The easternmost remains of wooly rhinoceroses (Coelodonta antiquitatis) have been found in the Ekityki river basin.

custom car interiors

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Goliath beetles
Goliathus regius
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Coleoptera Family: Scarabaeidae Subfamily: Cetoniinae Genus: Goliathus Linnaeus, 1758
Species
Goliathus albosignatus Goliathus cacicus Goliathus goliatus Goliathus orientalis Goliathus regius

The Goliath beetles are among the largest insects on Earth, if measured in terms of size, bulk and weight. They are members of subfamily Cetoniinae, within the scarab beetle family. Goliath beetles can be found in many of Africa’s tropical forests, where they feed primarily on tree sap and fruit. Little appears to be known of the larval cycle in the wild, but in captivity, Goliathus beetles have been successfully reared from egg to adult using protein-rich foods such as commercial cat and dog food. Goliath beetles measure from 60–110 millimetres (2.4–4.3 in) for males and 50–80 millimetres (2.0–3.1 in) for females, as adults, and can reach weights of up to 80–100 grams (2.8–3.5 oz) in the larval stage, though the adults are only about half this weight. The females range from a dark brown to silky white, but the males are normally brown/white/black or black/white.

Classification

Goliath beetles are members of the insect order Coleoptera, family Scarabaeidae, subfamily Cetoniinae, tribe Goliathini, genus Goliathus.

Habitat

All Goliathus species are native to Africa. They are primarily tropical, although one species, G. albosignatus, is localized in the more temperate southeastern portion of Africa. It is in the continent’s equatorial rain forests that the Goliath beetles have reached their greatest diversity.

Life cycle

Goliathus giganteus (Goliath Beetle)

Goliathus larvae are somewhat unusual among cetoniine scarabs in that they have a greater need for high protein foods than do those of most other genera. Pellets of dry or soft dog or cat food (buried in the rearing substrate on a regular schedule) provide a suitable diet for Goliathus larvae in captivity. However, a substrate of somewhat moistened, decayed leaves and wood should still be provided in order to create a suitable medium for larval growth. The young stage larvae (1st instar) will eat some of this material. Even under optimum conditions, the larvae take a number of months to mature fully because of the great size they attain. They are capable of growing up to 150 millimetres (5.9 in) in length, and reaching weights in excess of 100 grams (3.5 oz). When maximum size is reached, the larva constructs a rather thin walled, hardened cell of sandy soil in which it will undergo metamorphosis (pupation) to the adult state. Once building of this cocoon is completed, the larva transforms to the pupal stage, which is an intermediate phase between the larval and adult stages. During the pupal duration, the insect’s tissues are broken down and re-organized into the form of the adult beetle. Once metamorphosis is complete, the insect sheds its pupal skin and undergoes a period of hibernation as an adult beetle until the dry season ends. When the rains begin, the beetle breaks open its cocoon, locates a mate, and the entire life cycle starts over again. The adult beetles feed on materials rich in sugar, especially tree sap and fruit. Under captive conditions, adults can sometimes live for about a year after emerging from their pupal cells. Longevity in the wild is likely shorter on average due to factors such as predators and weather. The adult phase concentrates solely on reproduction (sex), and once this function is performed, the time of the adult beetle is limited, as is true for the vast majority of other insect species.

Goliath beetles, like almost all other beetles, possess a reinforced first pair of wings (called elytra) which act as protective covers for their secondary pair of wings and abdomen. Only the second pair of wings (which are large and membranous) are actually used for flying. When not in use, they are kept completely folded beneath the elytra. Each of the beetle’s legs ends in a pair of sharp claws (called tarsi) which provide a strong grip useful for climbing on tree trunks and branches. Males have a Y-shaped horn on the head which is used as a pry bar in battles with other males over feeding sites or mates. Females are without a horn, and instead have a wedge-shaped head which assists in burrowing when they lay eggs. Apart from their massive size, Goliathus beetles are strikingly patterned as well. Prominent markings common to all of the Goliathus species are the sharply contrasting black vertical stripes on the pronotum (thoracic sheild).

See also

• Insect fighting

Weight And Healthy

St. John’s International Airport (IATA: YYT, ICAO: CYYT) is located 3 NM (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) northwest of St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The airport is part of the National Airports System, and is operated by St. John’s International Airport Authority Inc.

History

Concern was expressed as early as September 1939 in the Canadian Parliament for the security of Newfoundland (which was not yet a part of Canada) in the event of a German raid or attack. It was felt that a permanent airfield defence facility was needed and as a result discussions were carried out among Canada, Newfoundland and the United Kingdom during 1940. In late 1940 the Canadian Government agreed to construct an air base near St. John’s. Early in 1941, Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, informed Newfoundland Governor Sir Humphrey T. Walwyn of the intended location in Torbay. Newfoundland agreed, stipulating however, that Canada was to assume all expenses and that the aerodrome not be used for civil purposes without first receiving Newfoundland’s permission. The Canadian Government agreed, and in April 1941 McNamara Construction Company began construction on the runway. At a cost of approximately $1.5 million, a pair of runways, taxiways, aprons, hangars and other facilities were built and in operation by the end of 1941. The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) officially opened Torbay Airport on 15 December 1941. It was jointly used by the RCAF, Royal Air Force (RAF), and the United States Army Air Corps until December 1946.

On 18 October 1941, three American B-17 Flying Fortress and one RCAF Digby made the first unofficial landing on the only serviceable runway available. Later that month a British Overseas Airways Corporation B-24 Liberator en route from Prestwick, Scotland, to Gander, made the first officially sanctioned landing during a weather emergency. The first commercial air service at the facility went into operation on May 1, 1942 with the arrival at Torbay of a Trans-Canada Air Lines Lockheed Lodestar aircraft with five passengers and a three-member crew on board. The first terminal building at the site was constructed in 1943. A small wooden structure, it was replaced by a larger brick building in 1958.

Although the airfield was not used as much as Argentia, Gander, Stephenville and Goose Bay Airports in the movement of large numbers of aircraft to England, it was still busy. The Royal Air Force had its own squadron of fighters, surveillance and weather aircraft stationed there. The RCAF personnel strength on the station during the peak war years was well over 2000. Through an agreement between the US, Canadian and Newfoundland governments early in 1947, the United States Air Force (USAF) took over the use of the airport facilities and utilized about ten of the buildings located there. The US Military Air Transport Service (MATS) needed Torbay Airport in order to complete its assigned mission at that time. Maintenance of the airport and facilities was done by the Canadian Department of Transport.

On April 1, 1946 the airport became a civilian operation under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Department of Transport. Confusion was caused by the presence of American military personnel at a civilian airport operated by the Canadian government in a foreign country. Consequently on April 1, 1953 control was turned back to the Department of National Defence. On 15 April 1953 the RCAF Station at Torbay was reactivated and RCAF personnel started to move in and began providing the necessary administration and operation of the facility to support the mission of its co-tenant, the USAF. Early in 1954 a rental agreement was signed between the USAF and the RCAF and the USAF acquired use of additional buildings.

The control tower originally constructed during the war burned down in an extensive fire at the airport on March 17, 1946, which caused one and one-half million dollars worth of damage. Construction was not begun on a new tower until 1951; it was opened in June 1952. A new Tower/Communications Building replaced that structure in March 1976. The tower was equipped with radio navigation and landing aids including precision approach radar, non-directional beacon and VHF omni-directional range.

The Transport Department maintained control over the terminal building. The facility remained R.C.A.F. Station Torbay until April 1, 1964 when it was returned to the jurisdiction of the Transport Department under the name St. John’s Airport.

In 1981 the terminal building housed the offices of the airport manager and staff. There were ticket offices for Eastern Provincial Airways, Air Canada, Gander Aviation and Labrador Airways, a large waiting area, a secure departure lounge, a self-serve restaurant, a licensed lounge, a number of food concessions and rent-a-car facilities. In 1981 a small museum was being prepared to house the story of aviation in Newfoundland and related memorabilia.

In 2003, the air terminal was completely renovated, expanded and modernized by Architect John Hearn to meet the standards of other airport terminals its size across North America.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by NAV CANADA and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency. CBSA officers at this airport currently can handle aircraft with no more than 165 passengers, however they can handle up to 450 if the aircraft is unloaded in stages.

Airlines and destinations

Air Canada Embraer 190 at St John’s International

Helicopter Service

• CHC Helicopter (charter)
• Cougar Helicopters (charter)
• Universal Helicopters (charter)

See also

• St. John’s (Paddys Pond) Water Aerodrome

References

1. ^ Airport Divestiture Status Report
2. ^ ^{a b c} Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 7 May 2009 to 0901Z 2 July 2009
3. ^ Total aircraft movements by class of operation — NAV CANADA towers
4. ^ Passengers enplaned and deplaned on selected services — Top 50 airports by sector (2007)

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Tesla trees

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Tesla Trees are a fictional plant lifeform in Dan Simmons’ Hyperion Cantos series. They are native to the planet Hyperion. They appear to store up electricity inside their body during certain seasons, releasing all of it in huge arcs of lightning from their crown, burning away all that was growing near them (or walking near them) and thus creating fertilizer. Together with other fictional plants such as Prometheus, Phoenix, and Fire Whip, they form a fictional ecosystem called Flame Forest.

This science fiction-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_trees”
Categories: Science fiction stubs | Fictional trees

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Vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor
PDB rendering based on 1kb2.
Available structures: 1kb2, 1kb4, 1kb6, 1ynw
Identifiers
Symbols	VDR; NR1I1
External IDs	OMIM: 601769 MGI: 103076 HomoloGene: 37297
Gene ontology Molecular function: • transcription factor activity • steroid hormone receptor activity • protein binding • zinc ion binding • vitamin D3 receptor activity • sequence-specific DNA binding • metal ion binding Cellular component: • nucleus Biological process: • skeletal development • transcription • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • calcium ion transport • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • signal transduction • multicellular organismal development • organ morphogenesis • negative regulation of transcription • intestinal absorption
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7421	22337
Ensembl	ENSG00000111424	ENSMUSG00000022479
Uniprot	P11473	Q3U0J7
Refseq	NM_000376 (mRNA) NP_000367 (protein)	NM_009504 (mRNA) NP_033530 (protein)
Location	Chr 12: 46.52 - 46.59 Mb	Chr 15: 97.68 - 97.74 Mb
Pubmed search

The calcitriol receptor, also known as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and also known as NR1I1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 1), is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. Upon activation by vitamin D, the VDR forms a heterodimer with the retinoid-X receptor and binds to hormone response elements on DNA resulting in expression or transrepression of specific geneproducts. In humans, the vitamin D receptor is encoded by the VDR gene.

Glucocorticoids are known to decrease expression of VDR which is expressed in most tissues of the body and regulate intestinal transport of calcium.

Function

This gene encodes the nuclear hormone receptor for vitamin D3. This receptor also functions as a receptor for the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid. The receptor belongs to the family of trans-acting transcriptional regulatory factors and shows similarity of sequence to the steroid and thyroid hormone receptors. Downstream targets of this nuclear hormone receptor are principally involved in mineral metabolism though the receptor regulates a variety of other metabolic pathways, such as those involved in the immune response and cancer. Mutations in this gene are associated with type II vitamin D-resistant rickets. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the initiation codon results in an alternate translation start site three codons downstream. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.

References

1. ^ Moore DD, Kato S, Xie W, Mangelsdorf DJ, Schmidt DR, Xiao R, Kliewer SA. (2006): “International Union of Pharmacology. LXII. The NR1H and NR1I receptors: constitutive androstane receptor, pregnene X receptor, farnesoid X receptor alpha, farnesoid X receptor beta, liver X receptor alpha, liver X receptor beta, and vitamin D receptor.” Pharmacol Rev. 58(4):742-759. PMID 17132852
2. ^ Szpirer J, Szpirer C, Riviere M, Levan G, Marynen P, Cassiman JJ, Wiese R, DeLuca HF (September 1991). “The Sp1 transcription factor gene (SP1) and the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor gene (VDR) are colocalized on human chromosome arm 12q and rat chromosome 7″. Genomics 11 (1): 168–73. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90114-T. PMID 1662663. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0888-7543(91)90114-T. 
3. ^ “Entrez Gene: VDR vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor”. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7421. 

Further reading

• Hosoi T (2002). “”. Nippon Rinsho 60 Suppl 3: 106–10. PMID 11979895. 
• Uitterlinden AG, Fang Y, Van Meurs JB, et al. (2004). “Genetics and biology of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms.”. Gene 338 (2): 143–56. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2004.05.014. PMID 15315818. 
• Norman AW (2007). “Minireview: vitamin D receptor: new assignments for an already busy receptor.”. Endocrinology 147 (12): 5542–8. doi:10.1210/en.2006-0946. PMID 16946007. 
• Bollag WB (2007). “Differentiation of human keratinocytes requires the vitamin d receptor and its coactivators.”. J. Invest. Dermatol. 127 (4): 748–50. doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700692. PMID 17363957. 
• Bugge TH, Pohl J, Lonnoy O, Stunnenberg HG (1992). “RXR alpha, a promiscuous partner of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors.”. EMBO J. 11 (4): 1409–18. PMID 1314167. 
• Goto H, Chen KS, Prahl JM, DeLuca HF (1992). “A single receptor identical with that from intestine/T47D cells mediates the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 in HL-60 cells.”. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1132 (1): 103–8. PMID 1324736. 
• Saijo T, Ito M, Takeda E, et al. (1991). “A unique mutation in the vitamin D receptor gene in three Japanese patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets type II: utility of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for heterozygous carrier detection.”. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49 (3): 668–73. PMID 1652893. 
• Szpirer J, Szpirer C, Riviere M, et al. (1992). “The Sp1 transcription factor gene (SP1) and the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor gene (VDR) are colocalized on human chromosome arm 12q and rat chromosome 7.”. Genomics 11 (1): 168–73. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90114-T. PMID 1662663. 
• Yu XP, Mocharla H, Hustmyer FG, Manolagas SC (1991). “Vitamin D receptor expression in human lymphocytes. Signal requirements and characterization by western blots and DNA sequencing.”. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (12): 7588–95. PMID 1850412. 
• Malloy PJ, Hochberg Z, Tiosano D, et al. (1991). “The molecular basis of hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 resistant rickets in seven related families.”. J. Clin. Invest. 86 (6): 2071–9. doi:10.1172/JCI114944. PMID 2174914. 
• Sone T, Marx SJ, Liberman UA, Pike JW (1991). “A unique point mutation in the human vitamin D receptor chromosomal gene confers hereditary resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.”. Mol. Endocrinol. 4 (4): 623–31. doi:10.1210/mend-4-4-623. PMID 2177843. 
• Baker AR, McDonnell DP, Hughes M, et al. (1988). “Cloning and expression of full-length cDNA encoding human vitamin D receptor.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (10): 3294–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.10.3294. PMID 2835767. 
• Hughes MR, Malloy PJ, Kieback DG, et al. (1989). “Point mutations in the human vitamin D receptor gene associated with hypocalcemic rickets.”. Science 242 (4886): 1702–5. doi:10.1126/science.2849209. PMID 2849209. 
• Rut AR, Hewison M, Kristjansson K, et al. (1995). “Two mutations causing vitamin D resistant rickets: modelling on the basis of steroid hormone receptor DNA-binding domain crystal structures.”. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) 41 (5): 581–90. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb01822.x. PMID 7828346. 
• Malloy PJ, Weisman Y, Feldman D (1994). “Hereditary 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets resulting from a mutation in the vitamin D receptor deoxyribonucleic acid-binding domain.”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 78 (2): 313–6. doi:10.1210/jc.78.2.313. PMID 8106618. 
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). “Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.”. Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Yagi H, Ozono K, Miyake H, et al. (1993). “A new point mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid-binding domain of the vitamin D receptor in a kindred with hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets.”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 76 (2): 509–12. doi:10.1210/jc.76.2.509. PMID 8381803. 
• Kristjansson K, Rut AR, Hewison M, et al. (1993). “Two mutations in the hormone binding domain of the vitamin D receptor cause tissue resistance to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3.”. J. Clin. Invest. 92 (1): 12–6. doi:10.1172/JCI116539. PMID 8392085. 
• Jurutka PW, Hsieh JC, Nakajima S, et al. (1996). “Human vitamin D receptor phosphorylation by casein kinase II at Ser-208 potentiates transcriptional activation.”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (8): 3519–24. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.8.3519. PMID 8622969. 
• Lin NU, Malloy PJ, Sakati N, et al. (1996). “A novel mutation in the deoxyribonucleic acid-binding domain of the vitamin D receptor causes hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets.”. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81 (7): 2564–9. doi:10.1210/jc.81.7.2564. PMID 8675579. 

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Vladimir Štengl (born July 30, 1942 in Vukovar) is a Croatian politician and president of the government of the city of Vukovar. He is a member of the Croatian Democratic Union party.

He become known for lengthy and controversial lawsuit against Vukovarac.net internet portal.

References

1. ^ First Libel Sentence against a Blog in Croatia

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Liberton Christian School
Motto	In Christ are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge
Type	State Integrated Full Primary School (Year 0-8)
Year established	1982
Address	5 Hillary Street, Liberton, Dunedin
Coordinates	45°50?50.33?S 170°30?45.8?E? / ?45.8473139°S 170.512722°E? / -45.8473139; 170.512722
Principal	Fiona Sizemore
School roll	60
Socio-economic decile (10 is highest)	8
Ministry of Education Institution no.	4771
Website	http://www.libertonchristian.school.nz

Liberton Christian School is a state integrated primary school located in Dunedin, New Zealand. Established in 1982, it caters for about 60 children from new entrants to Year 8 in three classrooms.

Liberton Christian School is non-denominational and is operated by a Board of Trustees comprising parents, school staff, and proprietor’s representatives who are fully involved in its operation.

The proprietor, Dunedin Christian Schools Association, owns the school property and buildings. In 1999 the proprietor entered into an integration agreement with the Minister of Education to enable the school to enter the state schooling system while adhering to its own special Christian character.

Principals

Mens Height Weight Chart

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James A. Garfield High School
Location
East Los Angeles, California United States
Information
Type	Public
Motto	“A clear head, a true heart, a strong arm”
Established	1925
School district	Los Angeles Unified School District
Principal	Michael Summe
Grades	9 - 12
Enrollment	4620 (2005–2006)
Color(s)	White, Blue, & Crimson
Mascot	Bulldog
Website	Official website LAUSD website

See also: Garfield High School

for schools of the same name

James A. Garfield High School is a public, year-round high school founded in 1925 in East Los Angeles, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California. The school suffers from many of the problems common to inner-city schools. Its strong computer science magnet, Academic Decathlon, and Advanced Placement programs have led to unexpected academic success stories. The school was made famous by the film Stand and Deliver about teacher Jaime Escalante. The auditorium, constructed in 1924, was burned badly by an arsonist on May 20, 2007. The arsonist proved to be a freshman student at the school. The Administration building suffered some smoke and water damage.

Administration

Garfield is administered by the Los Angeles Unified School District.

Demographics History

From the 1930s through the 1950s, Garfield High was predominantly non-Hispanic white. However, since the 1960s, the majority of student body has been Hispanic.

The school had a total of 4620 students in the 2005–2006 school year; 99.26% of the students were identified as Hispanic.

Academics

Overall, Garfield has a student population that places significantly below average in the California Standards Test.

The vast majority of the parents of students at Garfield High School were born in another country; 67% never finished high school.

Year-Round Calendar

Garfield has been on a year-round, multi-track schedule to relieve overcrowding since July 1991. Initially, there were four tracks. The students are, for the most part, randomly assigned to one of three tracks, and alternate two-month vacations. Only two-thirds of the student body is on campus at any given time.

Classes are approximately 63 minutes in length and meet five times per week. Sixteen weeks constitute a semester. The highest mark possible is an “A” ; the lowest passing mark is a “D”.

Academic Decathlon

Garfield has the following record in the California Academic Decathlon from 1998 to 2006:

Advanced Placement

Garfield achieved fame because of Jaime Escalante who, in the 1980s, along with the administration of Henry Gradillas built an exceptional advanced placement program. In 1982, 18 of his students passed the advanced placement calculus test. The College Board suspected cheating and required the students to re-take the examination. Further testing showed that the students had actually learned the material..

In 1987, 73 students passed, while another 12 passed the second year calculus test. In 1988, a popular film titled Stand and Deliver starring Academy Award-nominee Edward James Olmos was made about the events of 1982. In 1990, there were over 400 students in Escalante’s math program from algebra to calculus. In 1991, he had a falling out with the school administration and as a result left the Garfield school system. By 1996, only seven passed the basic calculus exam, with four passing the advanced exam. That was a total of eleven passing students, down from a high of 85 nine years earlier. In 2001, the school made a slight recovery in its calculus scores, with 17 passing the basic test and seven passing the second year test.

The legacy of Jaime Escalante can be seen in the 722 students who took AP tests of some sort in 2000. They had a 44% overall pass rate, which is comparable to the national average.

In 2004, Newsweek ranked Garfield 581^st top high school in the nation. The rank was based on the number of Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate tests taken by all students at a school in 2004 divided by the number of graduating seniors.

Activities

Marching Band and Colorguard

The Garfield High School Marching Band and Colorguard (formerly Marching Band and Drill Team) is one of the most successful groups in the Los Angeles Unified School District. Since the late 1980s, Garfield has won 14 City Championships, and has won 5 in the last 7 years. In 2007, the Band and Colorguard became the 4th LAUSD school to make the Southern California Schools Band and Orchestra Association’s Field Championships, tying for 6th place. As a side legal note, the school was posthumously deafeated in 1991 by West Central’s Belmont High School. In response for their undeniable defeat the school filed a lawsuit against the students of Belmont after the public championship in the Los Angeles Sports Arena. Their case was lost and an appeal was filed. Nevertheless, the Belmont Sentintels remain champions. To date, the Sentinels, will not be denied and the case remains a thorn in the Los Angeles Unified School District as a case of poor sportsmanship.

Sports

The school colors are crimson, white, and blue, and the mascot is the bulldog.

Football

Garfield High School participates in the “East L.A. Classic” against Theodore Roosevelt High School, in football, a game that traditionally draws over 20,000 fans. Garfield has the following record in the Classic:

• Garfield beat University to become 2007 (CIF) 3a City Invitational Champions, during the (2007) season, Garfield was not part of the City Division.
• As of June 5, 2008 Garfield would longer participate in the Invitational Division, instead would participate in the City Division. However the League Alignment remains the same, and should not be confused with Division Alignment.

May 2007 Auditorium fire

• On 20 May 2007, an arsonist set fire to the school’s 82 year-old auditorium. It is estimated over $30 million dollars in damages in the fire, the auditorium is now completely destroyed.
• A benefit concert was held in collaboration to the fire by Los Lobos. No further progress has been shown.

Notes

1. ^ In school, Latinos find fewer resources, ethnic isolation - The Boston Globe
2. ^ LAUSD Enrollment Summary
3. ^ http://www.lausd.k12.ca.us/lausd/offices/bulletins/8679_cst.pdf
4. ^ California Academic Decathlon Website
5. ^ ^{a b c} Jerry Jesness (2002) (in English). Stand and Deliver Revisited. http://www.reason.com/0207/fe.jj.stand.shtml. 
6. ^ Mathews, Jay (2004). “The Complete List of the 1,000 Top U.S. Schools” (html). 16 May 2004 issue (Newsweek). http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8759025/site/newsweek/. Retrieved on 2006-12-02. 
7. ^ World of Pageantry - Scores Links
8. ^ ^{a b} NFLHS.COM - State Stories
9. ^ MySpaceTV Videos: EAST LA. Classic 2007 by MexFound Entertainment (NOW IN HD)
10. ^ http://www.latimes.com/sports/la-spw-hsfbgarfield4nov04,1,201416.story?coll=la-headlines-sports&ctrack=1&cset=true
11. ^ http://archive.maxpreps.com/FanPages/Sports/Football/Common/Team.asp?TeamID={DE036292-2079-4DDA-AC9B-5E92FF9B8DBE}&setTeamType=3&setSeason={34E61A38-E781-4559-AD3B-975471A36E45}&setAffiliate=LAS
12. ^ http://www.harvardindependent.com/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleID=8287
13. ^ http://www.cif-la.org/documents/2008_division_assignment.pdf
14. ^ http://www.cif-la.org/documents/2008_league_alignment.pdf
15. ^ “Fire destroys auditorium at Garfield High”. http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-garfield21may21,0,3323961.story?coll=la-home-center. 

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Boris Lurie (July 18, 1924 – January 7, 2008) was a New York City-based artist and writer. He co-founded the NO!Art movement which calls for art leading to social action. His controversial work, often related to the Holocaust, has frequently irritated critics and curators.

Lurie was born in Leningrad into a Jewish family and grew up in Riga. From 1941 to 1945 he was imprisoned in German concentration camps; his mother, grandmother and sister were killed by the Nazis.

In 1946 he came to New York and produced several figurative paintings processing his wartime memories. One of his best known and most controversial works is “Railroad Collage” (1959), a collage of two photographs showing a pin-up girl undressing in the midst of corpses of gas chamber victims on a flatcar. He continued with several etchings, sculptures and paintings, often with Holocaust or death themes.

In 1960 he founded the NO!Art movement together with Sam Goodman and Stanley Fisher, out of a sense of disillusionment with the contemporary art scene. The goal was to have art address the disconcerting truths: racism, imperialism, sexim, colonialism, depravity. The movement favors “totally unabashed self-expression leading to social action” and is opposed to the worldwide capitalist “investment art market”, to pop-art that celebrates consumerism and to decorative “salon art” such as abstract expressionism. Lurie’s art and the NO!Art movement were largely ignored by the establishment, and in 1970 Lurie wrote his critique “MOMA as Manipulator”.

Pieces by Lurie are now contained in the permanent collections of the National Gallery of Art (Washington, D.C.) and the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA; NYC). In 2001, the NO!Art movement was subject of a retrospective at the University of Chicago, the University of Nebraska and at the Whitney Museum of American Art (NYC).

In 2002, Amikam Goldman completed a documentary on Boris Lurie entitled No!Art Man, which was premiered at the Anthology Film Archives with Mr. Lurie present.

Lurie’s art has found more resonance in Germany than in the United States. Germany saw two large exhibitions of his work in 1995 and 2004. A documentary, Shoah and Pin-Ups: The NO!-Artist Boris Lurie, was shown on German TV in 2007.

On January 7th, 2008, Lurie died from kidney failure, days after having suffered a stroke. At age 83, he was the last surviving founder of the NO!Art movement.

Sources

• Boris Lurie: Uneasy visions, uncomfortable truths. The Villager, Volume 74, Number 42. 23 February 2005
• The artist as provocateur, Jewish Quarterly, Autumn 2005, Number 199. Includes an interview.
• Die Nackten und die Toten. Der Spiegel, 8 June 2007. (German)
• Obituary

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